American historians

Barbara Tuchman (1912-1989)

Barbara Wertheim Tuchman (January 30, 1912 – February 6, 1989) was an American historian and author. She won the Pulitzer Prize twice, for The Guns of August (1962), a best-selling history of the prelude to and the first month of World War I, and Stilwell and the American Experience in China (1971), a biography of General Joseph Stilwell. Tuchman focused on writing popular history. – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_W._Tuchman

Barbara Wertheim Tuchman (January 30, 1912 – February 6, 1989) was an American historian and author renowned for her contributions to the field of popular history. With a career spanning several decades, Tuchman received the prestigious Pulitzer Prize twice, first for her acclaimed book “The Guns of August” (1962), a detailed examination of the events leading to World War I, and later for her biography “Stilwell and the American Experience in China” (1971), which chronicled the life of General Joseph Stilwell. Tuchman possessed a unique talent for making complex historical narratives accessible to a wide readership, solidifying her reputation as a celebrated historian and a masterful storyteller in the realm of popular history. Her enduring impact continues to inspire both scholars and enthusiasts of history around the world.

Robert E. Merriam (1918-1988)

Robert E. Merriam (b. October 2, 1918 – 1988 was born in Chicago, Illinois and earned a M.A. from the University of Chicago in 1940. From 1942 to 1964, he was a captain in the United States Army. While serving as director of the Metropolitan Housing Council in Chicago from 1946 to 1947, Merriam authored Dark December: The Full Account of the Battle of the Bulge. From 1947 to 1955, Merriam was an alderman in Chicago and chairman of the Commission on Housing and Emergency Commission on Crime. During this period he co-authored The American Government: Democracy in Action with Charles E. Merriam. Merriam was the Republican nominee for Mayor of Chicago in 1955, but was defeated by Richard J. Daley, the Democratic nominee. From 1955 to 1958, Merriam served as an assistant director at the U. S. Bureau of Budget.[1] By 1958 he became the deputy director. During this period he authored Going Into Politics in 1957. Merriam ended his government career after serving as deputy assistant to the president under Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1958 to 1961.

Cornelius Ryan (1920 – 1974)

Cornelius Ryan (5 June 1920 – 23 November 1974) was an Irish-American journalist and author known mainly for writing popular military history. He was especially known for his histories of World War II events: The Longest Day: 6 June 1944 D-Day (1959), The Last Battle (1966), and A Bridge Too Far (1974). Born and raised in Dublin, Ireland, he began working as a journalist in London in 1940. He became involved in covering World War II and travelled with troops in Europe. After the war, he covered the establishment of Israel. He immigrated to the United States in 1947 to work for Time. In 1951 Ryan became a naturalized US citizen and lived there for the remainder of his life.

Charles S. Maier (1939)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_S._Maier
Charles S. Maier (born February 23, 1939, in New York City) is the Leverett Saltonstall Professor of History at Harvard University. He teaches European and international history at Harvard.
Biography
Maier served as the director of the Center for European Studies at Harvard, 1994-2001, and currently co-directs (with Sven Beckert, Sugata Bose, and Jean Comaroff) the Weatherhead Initiative in Global History. He taught at Duke University 1976-81 and has also held various visiting professorships in Europe. He was married from 1961 to 2013 to the late Pauline Maier, Professor at MIT and noted American historian. In 2017 he married Marjorie Anne Sa’adah, professor emerita of government at Dartmouth College. He has three children and seven grandchildren.
Awards and honors
He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and is a recipient of a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship, an Alexander von Humboldt research prize fellowship, the Cross of Honor of the German Federal Republic, and the Cross of Honor for Science and Art, first class, of the Republic of Austria. The University of Padua awarded him a laurea honoris causa in European Studies in January 2018.
1976 George Louis Beer Prize, American Historical Society, Recasting Bourgeois Europe.

Rick Atkinson (1952)

Lawrence Rush “Rick” Atkinson IV (born November 16, 1952) is an American author, most recently of The British Are Coming: The War for America, Lexington to Princeton, 1775–1777, the first volume in the Revolution Trilogy. He has won Pulitzer Prizes in history and journalism. After working as a newspaper reporter, editor, and foreign correspondent for The Washington Post, Atkinson turned to writing military history. His seven books include narrative accounts of five different American wars. His Liberation Trilogy, a history of the American role in the liberation of Europe in World War II, concluded with the publication of The Guns at Last Light in May 2013. In 2010, he received the $100,000 Pritzker Military Library Literature Award for Lifetime Achievement in Military Writing. In 2019, Atkinson was named a Vincent J. Dooley Distinguished Fellow by the Georgia Historical Society, an honor that recognizes national leaders in the field of history as both writers and educators whose research has enhanced or changed the way the public understands the past..

Victor Davis Hanson (1953)

Youtube
How a Border War in Europe Led to WWII (Hillsdale College) https://youtu.be/tQq-ORA4fHw
–––––––
Wikipedia – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Davis_Hanson
Victor Davis Hanson (born September 5, 1953) is an American conservative commentator, classicist, and military historian. He has been a commentator on modern and ancient warfare and contemporary politics for The New York Times, Wall Street Journal, National Review, The Washington Times, and other media outlets. He is a professor emeritus of Classics at California State University, Fresno, the Martin and Illie Anderson Senior Fellow in classics and military history at Stanford University’s Hoover Institution, and visiting professor at Hillsdale College. Hanson was awarded the National Humanities Medal in 2007 by President George W. Bush, and was a presidential appointee in 2007–2008 on the American Battle Monuments Commission.

Thomas E. Ricks (1955)

Thomas Edwin “Tom” Ricks (born September 25, 1955) is an American journalist and author who specializes in the military and national security issues. He is a two-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting as part of teams from the Wall Street Journal (2000) and Washington Post (2002). He has reported on military activities in Somalia, Haiti, Korea, Bosnia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Kuwait, Turkey, Afghanistan, and Iraq. He previously wrote a blog for Foreign Policy[6][7] and is a member of the Center for a New American Security,[8] a defense policy think tank. Ricks lectures widely to the military and is a member of Harvard University’s Senior Advisory Council on the Project on U.S. Civil-Military Relations. Ricks is the author of the non-fiction books Making the Corps (1997); the bestselling Fiasco: The American Military Adventure In Iraq (2006) and its follow-up, The Gamble: General David Petraeus and the American Military Adventure in Iraq, 2006–2008 (2009); The Generals: American Military Command from World War II to Today (2012); and the bestselling First Principles: What America’s Founders Learned from the Greeks and Romans and How That Shaped Our Country (2020). He also penned a 2001 novel, A Soldier’s Duty. – Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_E.Ricks(journalist)

Robert M. Citino (1958)
Robert M. Citino (born June 19, 1958) is an American military historian and the Samuel Zemurray Stone Senior Historian at the National WWII Museum. He is a leading authority on modern German military history, with an emphasis upon World War II and the German influence upon modern operational doctrine. Citino received recognition for his works from the American Historical Association, the Society for Military History, and the New York Military Affairs Symposium. The Historically Speaking journal described him as “one of the most perceptive military historians writing today”. – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_M._Citino

Anne Applebaum (1964)
Youtube
Neville Chamberlain Did The Right Thing https://www.intelligencesquared.com/events/neville-chamberlain/
Wikipedia – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Applebaum
Anne Elizabeth Applebaum (born July 25, 1964) is an American journalist and historian. She has written extensively about Marxism–Leninism and the development of civil society in Central and Eastern Europe. She has worked at The Economist and The Spectator,[5] and was a member of the editorial board of The Washington Post (2002–2006).[6] Applebaum won the Pulitzer Prize in 2004 for Gulag: A History published the previous year.[7] She is a staff writer for The Atlantic[8] and a senior fellow at The Agora Institute at Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies.

Kevin M. Hymel
Youtube
(WW2TV) General Patton in the Ardennes – Battle of the Bulge / https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oa9o6m03IXU&t=3481s&pp=ygUOS2V2aW4gTS4gSHltZWw%3D

Erik L Dorr
Curator Erik L Dorr / https://www.gettysburgmuseumofhistory.com/curator-erik-l-dorr/
Live Chat w/ Erik Dorr: https://www.youtube.com/live/OZfTJ94G7HE?si=Iy3pifX9S_ZjYEjj
Fierce Valor: The True Story of Ronald Speirs and his Band of Brothers / https://www.amazon.fr/gp/product/1684511992/ref=ox_sc_saved_title_2?smid=&psc=1
https://www.instagram.com/gettysburgmuseumofhistory/
https://www.facebook.com/TheGettysburgMuseumOfHistory/

Erick L. Dorr Grew Up With History
The Gettysburg Museum of History was founded by its curator, Erik L. Dorr. His ancestors moved to Gettysburg in 1818, eventually settling in Ziegler’s Grove, the location of Pickett’s Charge on July 3rd, 1863. The family farm in Ziegler’s Grove is now part of the Gettysburg National Military Park, managed by the National Park Service. After the federal government converted the lands of the Pfeffer family farm to be part of the Gettysburg National Military Park, the family relocated to the home where the Gettysburg Museum of History is located.
Erik L. Dorr is the 4th generation of the family to reside at the home on 219 Baltimore Street in downtown Gettysburg, PA. Young Erik grew up hearing stories of the great Battle of Gettysburg from his grandfather and former Mayor of Gettysburg, Fred G. Pfeffer. A number of the American Civil War battlefield relics in the Gettysburg Museum of History were found on the family’s Ziegler’s Grove farm after Pickett’s Charge.
At an early age, Erik L. Dorr began collecting historical relics from throughout history. Young Erik, at the age of nine years old, obtained his first collection of World War II relics from his elementary school janitor, a World War II veteran. He has spent his entire life buying and selling some of the world’s most enthralling historical artifacts. Although rooted in his passion for the American Civil War, Erik L. Dorr has collected relics that span American history from George Washington to the present day. He is a “historian’s historian.” He loves history for its pureness, honesty and great enjoyment.
Erik Dorr, Curator of the Gettysburg Musuem of History, now exhibits his massive collections as a free tourist attraction in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. It is a community service for like-minded historians, families and children to enjoy and learn from our past. You are very likely to meet Mr. Dorr at the Museum, where he passionately enjoys educating visitors about his amazing collections of historical artifacts and what makes them so interesting.
The Gettysburg Museum of History is not funded by government grants or any sources besides the graciousness of Mr. Dorr to welcome visitors into his former family home, which is now converted into a history museum, which is unlike any other in Gettysburg, PA. The collections rival those of government and for-profit private museums around the world. The Museum is operated on donations from his visitors. The Museum also exists to be free by buying and selling historical artifacts, some of which are on display. Erik L Dorr has been featured on many TV shows, including The Haunted Collector, American Pickers, and Pawn Stars, appraising, buying and selling historical artifacts. You can see the Museum’s auctions on eBay. The Museum also has an immensely popular following on the YouTube channel, The History Underground, featuring the series, American Artifact where he showcases some of his collection on each episode and dives deeper into the history and significance of each piece.

J.D. Huitt
J.D. Huitt is known for History Underground (2019) and WW2TV – Battlefield Livestreams and Interviews (2019).

French historians

Georges Bernage (1949)
Georges Bernage, né le 9 août 1949, est un éditeur français, fondateur des Éditions Heimdal et auteur d’une quarantaine de livres consacrés principalement à la Normandie et à la Seconde Guerre mondiale. – https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Bernage

Biographie
Durant ses études à l’Institut des Études Scandinaves de l’Université de Caen, Georges Bernage crée en 1971 une revue historique consacrée à la Normandie qu’il intitule Heimdal, en référence à une divinité de la mythologie nordique.
Trois ans plus tard, en 1974, alors que le magazine prend de l’ampleur et à l’occasion de la parution de son premier livre intitulé La Normandie romantique, il fonde les Éditions Heimdal à Bayeux, dans le Calvados. En parallèle de son activité d’éditeur, il écrit une quarantaine d’ouvrages historiques, principalement centrés sur la Normandie et la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
Georges Bernage a également collaboré avec le Groupement de Recherche et d’Études sur la Civilisation Européenne.
Ouvrages
La Normandie romantique : 113 lithographies et gravures, Caen, Éditions Heimdal, 1974, 85 p. (BNF 34563407)
La Topographie de la Normandie : d’après Chastillon et Mérian, Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, 1975, 38 p. (BNF 34577179)
Le Pont d’Arnhem (avec la collaboration d’Éric Lefèvre), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, 1977, 132 p. (BNF 34595329)
Encyclopédie médiévale, d’après Viollet-Le-Duc, Heimdal, 1978, 718 p.
Les Vikings en Normandie (en collaboration avec Jean Mabire et Paul Fichet), Paris, Copernic, 1979, 192 p. (BNF 34650951)
Comment reconnaître les meubles normands, Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, coll. « Guides Heimdal », 1980, 31 p. (BNF 34777951)
La Normandie médiévale, Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, coll. « La France médiévale », 1980, 174 p. (BNF 36262720)
Le Costume normand, Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, coll. « Guides Heimdal », 1981, 31 p. (BNF 34777897)
Prénoms normands et vikings, Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, coll. « Guides Heimdal », 1981, 31 p. (BNF 34777902)
La Bataille de Normandie, 7 juin-10 août 1944, Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, coll. « Guides Heimdal », 1982, 31 p. (BNF 34778477)
Normandie, album mémorial : 6 juin-22 août 1944 (en collaboration avec Jean-Pierre Benamou et Régis Grenneville), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, 1983, 528 p. (BNF 34723899)
Bataille des haies : Normandie 1944 (en collaboration avec Jean-Pierre Benamou et Régis Grenneville), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, coll. « Maxiguides Heimdal », 1984, 32 p. (BNF 35262150)
Cobra, la bataille décisive (en collaboration avec Georges Cadel), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, 1984, 231 p. (ISBN 2-902171-15-3, BNF 34760938)
Normandie 1944, les plages du Débarquement (en collaboration avec Jean-Pierre Benamou et Régis Grenneville), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, coll. « Maxiguides Heimdal », 1984, 32 p. (ISBN 2-902171-09-9, BNF 35262151)
La “Flak” : 1935-1945, la DCA allemande (réalisé par Patrick de Gmeline, en collaboration avec Alain Chazette et Herbert Fürbringer), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, 1986, 96 p. (ISBN 2-902171-22-6, BNF 34957781)
La Bataille de Moscou : 2 octobre 1941 au 24 janvier 1942 (réalisé par Yves Buffetaut, en collaboration avec Michel Truttmann), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, 1987, 96 p. (BNF 34933880)
Normandie, août 1944 : la retraite allemande, Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, 1988, 95 p. (BNF 35058886)
Les Canadiens face à la Hitlerjugend, vol. I : Un voyage au bout de l’enfer : 7-11 juin 1944, Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, 1991, 79 p. (BNF 35606510)
Les Canadiens face à la Hitlerjugend, vol. II : Mourir pour l’abbaye d’Ardenne : Buron la sanglante, Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, 1992, 63 p. (BNF 35606510)
La Garde contre la Hohenstaufen (en collaboration avec Michel Leteinturier), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, 1992, 62 p. (BNF 35605100)
Omaha : la sanglante (en collaboration avec Laurent Mari), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, coll. « Normandie 1944 », 1993, 80 p. (ISBN 2-84048-023-9, BNF 35726223)
Pegasus bridge : 6e Airborne : jour J à Bénouville-Ranville (en collaboration avec Jean-Pierre Benamou et Philippe Lejuée ; avec la participation de Michel Guillou, Eric Miquelon et Yann Barbier), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, coll. « Normandie 1944 », 1993, 64 p. (ISBN 2-84048-020-4, BNF 35726217)
Goodwood : bombardement géant anti-panzers : 1 000 chars attaquent à l’est de Caen (en collaboration avec Jean-Pierre Benamou ; avec la participation de Christophe Dufourg-Burg), Bayeux, Éditions Heimdal, coll. « Normandie 1944 », 1993, 80 p. (ISBN 2-84048-028-X, BNF 35682607)
Les débuts du nazisme avec Emil Maurice, l’ami juif de Hitler, Éditions Heimdal, 2020, (ISBN 978-2840484431)

Yves Buffetaut
Yves Buffetaut est docteur en histoire et travaille depuis trente ans sur la Grande Guerre. Éditeur et directeur d’Ysec Éditions, il a collaboré à plusieurs revues spécialisées (Batailles, Militaria), est rédacteur en chef de la revue Tranchées et a écrit de nombreux ouvrages d’histoire militaire.

Jean-Luc Leleu (1972)
Historien au CNRS, membre du conseil scientifique du Mémorial de Caen, Jean-Luc Leleu a publié chez Perrin sa thèse de doctorat consacrée à la Waffen-SS pour laquelle il avait reçu le prix d’histoire militaire par le ministère français de la Défense. Il a codirigé La Seconde Guerre mondiale. Atlas historique.
Titulaire d’une maîtrise en 1994 de l’université d’Artois, et d’un DEA en cette discipline l’année suivante de l’Université de Lille III, il est lauréat du Concours Nationale de la Résistance et de la Déportation présidé par Lucie Aubrac pour la ville d’Arras. Auteur d’une thèse de doctorat soutenue le 30.5.2005 “Soldats politiques en guerre : Sociologie, organisation, rôles et comportements des formations de la Waffen-SS en considération particulière de leur présence en Europe de l’Ouest, 1940-1944.”
Source : http://www.crhq.cnrs.fr

Belgian historians

Emile Engels (1932-2020)
Spécialiste de la bataille des Ardennes pendant la 2e Guerre Mondiale.
Le lieutenant-colonel Émile Engels a vécu les combats de la bataille des Ardennes à Warnach, à quinze kilomètres au sud de Bastogne. Plus tard, à l’École royale militaire, il fut élève du colonel Henri Bernard qui lui communiqua la passion de l’histoire militaire. Désireux d’en savoir plus sur les combats qui avaient eu lieu dans sa région, l’auteur rencontra sur le terrain quantité de chefs militaires de l’époque : Kinnard, von Manteuffel, Harkins, Desobry, Alanis, Boggess, … mais aussi des soldats revenus sur le champ de bataille.
Biographie
Né le 21 avril 1932 à Warnach (Tintange).
Vécut mai 1940 et 1944-1945 pendant son enfance.
Entre à l’École Royale des Cadets en 1949, point de départ d’une carrière d’officier qu’il termine en 1987 avec le grade de lieutenant-colonel des Chasseurs Ardennais.
Intéressé par la bataille des Ardennes, il entre en contact avec des chefs militaires mais aussi de nombreux soldats qui combattirent à cette période. Une période de recherches aux Archives Nationales à Washington puis les interviews systématiques d’un grand nombre d’habitants de l’Ardenne, apportent une moisson d’informations.
Partisan de l’histoire active, il conduit sur le champ de bataille des groupes de personnes de diverses nations
Bibliographie
Guide de la marche du Souvenir et de l’Amitié, Everling, Arlon, 1972.
Gids der Mars van de Herdenking en de Vriendschap, Everling, Arlon, 1973.
La bataille des Ardennes, histoire, Didier Hatier, Bruxelles, 1984.
Bastogne. Trente jours sous la neige et le feu, histoire, Ed. Racine, Bruxelles, 1994. Rééd. en 2004.
Ardennes 1944-1945, guide du champ de bataille, histoire, Ed. Racine, Bruxelles, 1994.
La campagne des Ardennes : 1944-1945, histoire, Ed. Racine, Bruxelles, 2004. Rééd. 2012.
Une enfance ardennaise, histoire, Ed. Weyrich, 2008.
Dans le dos des Allemands. 1914-1918, histoire, Ed. Racine, Bruxelles, 2014..

Pascal Heyden
Notes
HEYDEN, Pascal. Trois-Ponts, verrou de la bataille des Ardennes. Neufchâteau: Weyrich, 2021.

Matthieu Longue (1981)
Matthieu Longue, né en 1981, a été formé à l’Université libre de Bruxelles1. Historien belge2, écrivain et professeur d’Histoire dans un lycée3, il est en particulier l’auteur de Massacres en Ardennes2.

Mathieu Billa
Directeur (Bastogne War Museum).
Biographie
Diplomé en Histoire de l’Université de Namur (2008) et en didactique de l’Histoire de l’Université Catholique de Louvain (2012), Mathieu Billa est passionné depuis son plus jeune âge par l’histoire de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il a travaillé comme enseignant et comme chargé de mission (recherche documentaire et synthèse historique) lors de la création du Mons Memorial Museum. Mathieu a intégré en janvier 2014 la société Tempora en tant que directeur du Bastogne War Museum. Avec près de 800 000 visiteurs accueillis en cinq ans, il constitue un des musées sur la Seconde Guerre mondial les plus visités d’Europe. A côté des ses fonctions quotidiennes de responsable de site, Mathieu a contribué à de nombreux projets liés au développement du Bastogne War Museum tels que par exemple :

• Liberation Route Europe, dont le Bastogne War Museum est membre depuis 2014. Mathieu a notamment représenté le BWM dans le cadre des projets LRE NEXT en 2015-2016 et History Through their Eyes en 2017-2018;
• la gestion de l’exposition temporaire From Texas to Bastogne. Texas Aggies go to War (2014-2016) ;
• la mise en place d’un parcours vélo thématisé partant du Bastogne War Museum et traversant notamment le Bois Jacques (2016) ;
• la recherche des contenus de l’exposition Bastogne 44 pour le Musée Airborne de Sainte-Mère-Eglise, en Normandie (2016) ;
• L’organisation de rencontres avec des vétérans de la Bataille des Ardennes (2016, 2017) ;
• la publication de l’ouvrage de Jean-Marie Doucet Bastogne la légende, comment la presse américaine fabriqua le mythe en collaboration avec les éditions Weyrich (2018).
  En 2015, Mathieu a par ailleurs publié un livre aux éditions Racine sur les sinistrés de la Bataille d’Ardenne (La Bataille des Ardennes. La vie brisée des sinistrés). Il a également publié en 2019 un guide historique et touristique de la Bataille des Ardennes publié aux éditions OREP (Bayeux, Normandie). Depuis 2018, Mathieu collabore avec les éditions Weyrich (Neufchâteau, Belgique) dans le cadre du périodique Mook 1944.
  Depuis 2014, Mathieu Billa dirige le Bastogne War Museum, le lieu de mémoire consacré à la Seconde Guerre mondiale qui a été créé à deux pas du Mardasson à Bastogne.
  Une formidable opportunité pour cet historien de 31 ans qui conjugue à la perfection travail et passion, passé historique et mémoire au temps présent.
  Bibliographie
  La restauration de l’Ardenne sinistrée (1945-1948), Bulletin du Cercle d’Histoire et d’Archéologie SEGNIA, hors série n°10, 2014.
  La Bataille des Ardennes. La vie brisée des sinistrés, Racine, Bruxelles, 2015.
  Ardenne 1944-1945. Sur les traces des combattants, OREP Éditions, Bayeux, 2019.
  Sacrifiés contre du temps! dans 1944 Mook Bastogne à la veille du choc, Neufchâteau, 2019, n°1, p. 76-103.
  Black Panther! dans 1944 Mook Bataille des Ardennes. L’échec aux Panzer, Neufchâteau, 2019, n°1, p. 198-215..

Dutch historians

Frank Van Lunteren
I was born and raised in Arnhem, the Netherlands and grew up in the 1980s and 1990s hearing the WWII stories of my paternal grandfather, who lived in Arnhem during the war. I was able to interview him later extensively on his experiences as a civilian during the Battle of Arnhem. A scene that haunted him for years was the sight of two dead British paratroopers on the Utrechtseweg in the afternoon of 19 September 1944. Author Robert Kershaw included part of my grandfather’s recollection about it in his book ‘A Street in Arnhem’ (Casemate Publishing 2014) on page 127.
Seeing the film ‘A Bridge Too Far’ at age 9, reading the book with the same title a year later and visiting the Airborne Museum numerous times as a child and young adult certainly helped to make a decision while in high school to study history.
Contacting British veterans from the South Devon Branch of the Normandy Veterans Association and later also of the 504th PIR and other units made me much more aware of the lasting impact of the war. Those who survived the war were scarred for life – they had survived sometimes numerous battles and returned home, but had lost at least one close buddy along the way. “We are no heroes,” they all said. “The real heroes are those who fell in battle or are still missing in action.”
Operation Market Garden in September 1944 certainly has been my main point of interest for many years. Over 35,000 airborne soldiers and the entire British Second Army invaded the Netherlands to liberate my home country from the Nazi occupation. It has been called 90% succesfull by some people, including Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery. I still want to learn more about WHY it failed. The outcome should have been different.

Timo Worst
https://knittelbooks.com/

Bob Konings
https://www.grandmenil.com/ This website is dedicated to the men who fought in the area of Grandmenil during the war of 1940-1945, with a main focus on the Battle of the Bulge (16 december-25 januari 1945). Not only stories of Grandmenil can be found here, but also stories from surrounding villages.
http://www.b24-kingsize.com/ On december 25th 1944 a B-24 crashed in the meadows of La fosse, Belgium. Landowner Victor Yansenne made sure the land stayed untouched and in the meanwhile he started his own research. He wanted to know who was in the plane. In june 2013, he contacted the community of Manhay and a group of researchers was called in to find out what plane it was and who was in it. In november 2017 the group identified the Lost B-24 of La Fosse. This is their story.
http://www.battle-of-the-bulge.be/about-us/
My name is Bob Konings. Original I am Dutch, but I moved with my wife and 2 sons to the hamlet of Grandmenil in 2008.
As soon as I knew we where going to move in this area, I started to investigate the Battle of the Bulge, especially the region of Grandmenil.
Within a few months I had so much information, that I decided to create a website: www.grandmenil.com.
This became the turning point in my research. Within a few weeks, my mailbox was exploding. And in May 2009 I met the first veteran who fought in my street: Bob Kauffman, 36th armored Infantry Regiment/ 3rd Armored Division. Bob and I became close friends.
During my research, I met a lot of new guys and after 7 years I am working with a group of people who all have the same interest and intention: Researching and preserving history.
We work at at story’s at the same time. This keeps us sharp and alert. The request to start a research comes from all direction: veterans, family of veterans, community’s and civillians.

The website of Grandmenil became to big. We were publishing stories who were not related to the Grandmenil area. So, I have decided to create a complete new website, covering the whole Ardennes.
So, this website will keep expanding all the time.
I hope you enjoy this website.

Thanks to the following people who made this website available:
– Bob Konings: documental research, fieldresearch, translations Dutch-US-German, websites, contactperson (BE)
– Marco Eradus: documental research, certified ammunition researcher, fieldresearch (NL)
– Tom Konings: translations French-Dutch and US, Fieldresearcher (BE)
– Jan Ploeg: 3rdAD/ 36th AIR expert, background research (NL) († 2020)
– Myra Miller: Our US expert for documental research. (US)
– Joey van Meesen: video productions (SNAFU Docs), field research, historian.
– Eveline Konings: translations French-Dutch and English, civilian fieldresearch (BE)
– Ron Langeveld: fieldresearch, backgroundresearch (NL)
– Marc Brand: map expert, fieldresearch (NL)
– Michel van Eert: technician, documental research and fieldresearch (NL)
– David Martin: documental research, fieldresearch, UK contact (UK)
– Iwan Niewerth: German vehicules and tanks (NL)
– Rick de Jong: documental research, fieldresearch (NL)
– Paul Kuijpers: KIA/MIA project; backgroundresearch (NL)
– Bart de Boer: fieldresearch (NL)
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British historians

Alan John Percivale Taylor (1906-1990)
Alan John Percivale Taylor FBA (25 March 1906 – 7 September 1990) was a British historian who specialized in 19th- and 20th-century European diplomacy. Both a journalist and a broadcaster, he became well known to millions through his television lectures. His combination of academic rigor and popular appeal led the historian Richard Overy to describe him as “the Macaulay of our age”.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._J._P._Taylor#The_Origins_of_the_Second_World_War
The Origins of the Second World War
In 1961, he published his most controversial book, The Origins of the Second World War, which earned him a reputation as a revisionist.[15] Gordon Martel notes that “it made a profound impact. The book became a classic and a central point of reference in all discussion on the Second World War.”[15]
In the book Taylor argued against the widespread belief that the outbreak of the Second World War (specifically between Germany, Poland, the United Kingdom and France, September 1939) was the result of an intentional plan on the part of Adolf Hitler. He began his book with the statement that too many people have accepted uncritically what he called the “Nuremberg Thesis”, that the Second World War was the result of criminal conspiracy by a small gang comprising Hitler and his associates. He regarded the “Nuremberg Thesis” as too convenient for too many people and held that it shielded the blame for the war from the leaders of other states, let the German people avoid any responsibility for the war and created a situation where West Germany was a respectable Cold War ally against the Soviets.
Taylor’s thesis was that Hitler was not the demoniacal figure of popular imagination but in foreign affairs a normal German leader. Citing Fritz Fischer, he argued that the foreign policy of the Third Reich was the same as those of the Weimar Republic and the Second Reich. Moreover, in a partial break with his view of German history advocated in The Course of German History, he argued that Hitler was not just a normal German leader but also a normal Western leader. As a normal Western leader, Hitler was no better or worse than Gustav Stresemann, Neville Chamberlain or Édouard Daladier. His argument was that Hitler wished to make Germany the strongest power in Europe but he did not want or plan war. The outbreak of war in 1939 was an unfortunate accident caused by mistakes on everyone’s part and was not a part of Hitler’s plan.
Notably, Taylor portrayed Hitler as a grasping opportunist with no beliefs other than the pursuit of power and anti-Semitism. He argued that Hitler did not possess any sort of programme and his foreign policy was one of drift and seizing chances as they offered themselves. He did not even consider Hitler’s anti-Semitism unique: he argued that millions of Germans were just as ferociously anti-Semitic as Hitler and there was no reason to single out Hitler for sharing the beliefs of millions of others.
Taylor argued that the basic problem with an interwar Europe was a flawed Treaty of Versailles that was sufficiently onerous to ensure that the overwhelming majority of Germans would always hate it, but insufficiently onerous in that it failed to destroy Germany’s potential to be a Great Power once more. In this way, Taylor argued that the Versailles Treaty was destabilising, for sooner or later the innate power of Germany that the Allies had declined to destroy in 1918–1919 would inevitably reassert itself against the Versailles Treaty and the international system established by Versailles that the Germans regarded as unjust and thus had no interest in preserving. Though Taylor argued that the Second World War was not inevitable and that the Versailles Treaty was nowhere near as harsh as contemporaries like John Maynard Keynes believed, what he regarded as a flawed peace settlement made the war more likely than not.

Hugh Redwald Trevor-Roper (1914-2003)
Hugh Redwald Trevor-Roper, Baron Dacre of Glanton, FBA (15 January 1914 – 26 January 2003), was a British historian of early modern Britain and Nazi Germany. He was Regius Professor of Modern History at the University of Oxford.
Trevor-Roper was a polemicist and essayist on a range of historical topics, but particularly England in the 16th and 17th centuries and Nazi Germany. In the view of John Kenyon, “some of [Trevor-Roper’s] short essays have affected the way we think about the past more than other men’s books”.[1] This is echoed by Richard Davenport-Hines and Adam Sisman in the introduction to One Hundred Letters from Hugh Trevor-Roper (2014): “The bulk of his publications is formidable… Some of his essays are of Victorian length. All of them reduce large subjects to their essence. Many of them […] have lastingly transformed their fields.” On the other hand, his biographer Adam Sisman also writes that “the mark of a great historian is that he writes great books, on the subject which he has made his own. By this exacting standard Hugh failed.”[2]
Trevor-Roper’s most widely read and financially rewarding book was titled The Last Days of Hitler (1947). It emerged from his assignment as a British intelligence officer in 1945 to discover what happened in the last days of Hitler’s bunker. From his interviews with a range of witnesses and study of surviving documents he demonstrated that Hitler was dead and had not escaped from Berlin. He also showed that Hitler’s dictatorship was not an efficient unified machine but a hodge-podge of overlapping rivalries.
Trevor-Roper’s reputation was “severely damaged” in 1983 when he authenticated the Hitler Diaries shortly before they were shown to be forgeries
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Trevor-Roper

Alan Bullock (1914-2004)
Alan Louis Charles Bullock, Baron Bullock, FBA (13 December 1914 – 2 February 2004) was a British historian. He is best known for his book Hitler: A Study in Tyranny (1952) which was the first comprehensive biography of Adolf Hitler and influenced many other major biographies of Hitler.
Early life and career
Bullock was born in Trowbridge in Wiltshire, England where his father worked as a gardener and a Unitarian preacher.[1] He was educated at Bradford Grammar School and Wadham College, Oxford where he read classics and modern history. After graduating in 1938, he worked as a research assistant for Winston Churchill, who was writing his History of the English-Speaking Peoples. During World War II, Bullock worked for the European Service of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). After the war, he returned to Oxford as a history fellow at New College.
He was the censor of St Catherine’s Society (1952-1962) and then founding master of St Catherine’s College, Oxford (1962-1981),[2][3] a college for undergraduates and graduates, divided between students of the sciences and the arts. He was credited with massive fundraising efforts to develop the college. Later, he was the first full-time Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University.
Hitler: A Study in Tyranny
In 1952, Bullock published Hitler: A Study in Tyranny, the first comprehensive biography of Adolf Hitler, which he based on the transcripts of the Nuremberg Trials. This book dominated Hitler scholarship for many years. The book characterised Hitler as an opportunistic Machtpolitiker (“power politician”). In Bullock’s opinion, Hitler was a “mountebank”, an opportunistic adventurer devoid of principles, beliefs or scruples whose actions throughout his career were motivated only by a lust for power. Bullock’s views led in the 1950s to a debate with Hugh Trevor-Roper who argued that Hitler did possess beliefs, albeit repulsive ones, and that his actions were motivated by them. Bullock’s Guardian obituary commented that “Bullock’s famous maxim ‘Hitler was jobbed into power by backstairs intrigue’ has stood the test of time.”[5]
When reviewing Hitler and Stalin in The Times in 1991, John Campbell wrote of Hitler: A Study in Tyranny: “Although written so soon after the end of the war and despite a steady flow of fresh evidence and reinterpretation, it has not been surpassed in nearly 40 years: an astonishing achievement.”[6][7]
Later, Bullock to some extent changed his mind about Hitler. His later works show the dictator as much more of an ideologue, who pursued the ideas expressed in Mein Kampf (and elsewhere) despite their consequences. This has become a widely accepted view of Hitler, particularly in relation to the Holocaust.[citation needed]
Taking note of the shift in interest among professional historians towards social history in the 1960s, Bullock agreed that in general, deep long-term social forces are decisive in history. But not always, he argued, For there are times when the Great Man is decisive. In revolutionary circumstances, “It is possible for an individual to exert a powerful even a decisive influence on the way events develop and the policies that are followed.”[8]
Other works
Bullock’s other works included The Humanist Tradition in the West (1985), and The Life and Times of Ernest Bevin, a three-volume biography of British Labour Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin,.[9] He was also editor of The Harper Dictionary of Modern Thought (1977), a project he suggested to the publisher when he found he could not define the word “hermeneutics”. He had earlier co-edited with Maurice Shock a collection on The Liberal Tradition: From Fox to Keynes.
In the mid-1970s, Bullock used his committee skills to produce a report which proved to be influential in the classroom: A Language for Life, about reading and the teaching of English, was published in 1975.
Bullock also appeared as a political pundit, particularly during the BBC’s coverage of the 1959 British general election.
Later works
Late in his life, Bullock published Hitler and Stalin: Parallel Lives (1991), a massive work which he described in the introduction as “essentially a political biography, set against the background of the times in which they lived”.[13] He showed how the careers of Hitler and Joseph Stalin fed off each other to some extent. Bullock comes to a thesis that Stalin’s ability to consolidate power in his home country and, unlike Hitler, not to over-extend himself enabled him to retain power longer than Hitler.[citation needed]. It was awarded the 1992 Wolfson History Prize.
American historian Ronald Spector, writing in The Washington Post, praised Bullock’s ability to write about the development of Nazism and Soviet Communism without either abstract generalization or irrelevant detail. “The writing is invariably interesting and informed and there are new insights and cogent analysis in every chapter,” he wrote.[6]
Honours
Bullock was decorated with the award of the Chevalier, Legion of Honour in 1970, and knighted in 1972, becoming Sir Alan Bullock and in 1976 he was made a life peer as Baron Bullock, of Leafield in the County of Oxfordshire.[14] His writings always appeared under the name “Alan Bullock”.
In May 1976, Bullock was awarded an honorary degree from the Open University as Doctor of the University.[15]

Hitler: A Study in Tyranny
Hitler: A Study in Tyranny is a 1952 biography of the Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler by the British historian Sir Alan Bullock.
Description
Hitler: A Study in Tyranny was the first major historical study of the life of the Nazi dictator, Adolf Hitler. In 1992, The New York Times wrote: “First published in 1952, Alan Bullock’s “Hitler: A Study in Tyranny” remains the standard biography of the dictator and a widely respected work on the Nazi movement in general”.[2] In 1998, Hitler expert Ian Kershaw described the book as a “masterpiece”.[3] In his 2007 book Cultural Amnesia, critic Clive James wrote: “Books about Hitler are without number, but after more than 60 years, the first one to read is still Alan Bullock’s Hitler A Study in Tyranny.”[4]
A revised version was published in 1962.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitler:_A_Study_in_Tyranny

Napier Crookenden (1915-2002)
Lieutenant General Sir Napier Crookenden KCB DSO OBE DL (31 August 1915 − 31 October 2002) was a British Army General who reached high office in the 1960s. – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napier_Crookenden

John Keegan (1934-2012)
Sir John Desmond Patrick Keegan OBE FRSL (15 May 1934 – 2 August 2012) was an English military historian, lecturer, writer and journalist. He wrote many published works on the nature of combat between prehistory and the 21st century, covering land, air, maritime, intelligence warfare and the psychology of battle.
Criticism
Keegan was also criticised by peers, including Sir Michael Howard and Christopher Bassford for his critical position on Carl von Clausewitz, a Prussian officer and author of Vom Kriege (On War), one of the basic texts on warfare and military strategy. Keegan was described as “profoundly mistaken”. Bassford stated, “Nothing anywhere in Keegan’s work – despite his many diatribes about Clausewitz and ‘the Clausewitzians’ – reflects any reading whatsoever of Clausewitz’s own writings.” The political scientist Richard Betts criticised Keegan’s understanding of the political dimensions of war, calling Keegan “a naïf about politics.”
Noting Keegan’s works on the Waffen-SS, the military historian S.P. MacKenzie describes him as a popular historian “partially or wholly seduced by [its] mystique”. He connects Keegan with contemporary Waffen-SS historical revisionism, first propounded by HIAG, the Waffen-SS lobby group from the 1950–1990s. Commenting on this contemporary trend, Mackenzie writes that “as the older generation of Waffen-SS scribes has died off, a new, post-war cadre of writers has done much to perpetuate the image of the force as a revolutionary European army” and includes Keegan in the group.
In August 2015, Russia’s government considered banning Keegan’s works, accusing him of Nazi sympathies.

Piers Brendon (1940)
Youtube
Neville Chamberlain Did The Right Thing https://www.intelligencesquared.com/events/neville-chamberlain/
Wikipedia – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piers_Brendon
Piers Brendon FRSL (born 21 December 1940) is a British historian and writer, known for historical and biographical works. He was educated at Shrewsbury School and Magdalene College, Cambridge, where he read history. He earned a Ph.D. degree with his thesis, Hurrell Froude and the Oxford Movement, which was published, with much modification, in 1974.
From 1965 to 1978, he was lecturer in history, then principal lecturer and head of department, at what is now Anglia Ruskin University. From 1979 onwards he has worked as a freelance writer of books, journalism and for television.
From 1995 he has been a fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge and was keeper of the Churchill Archives Centre from 1995 to 2001,[1] taking over from Correlli Barnett. He was succeeded by Allen Packwood.

Sir Ian Kershaw (1943)
FBA FRHistS (born 29 April 1943) is an English historian whose work has chiefly focused on the social history of 20th-century Germany. He is regarded by many as one of the world’s leading experts on Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany, and is particularly noted for his biographies of Hitler.
Bibliography
Kershaw, Ian. Hitler. 1936-45. Nemesis. Hitler, Ian Kershaw ; 2. New York – London: W.W. Norton & Company, 2000.
———. The End: Hitler’s Germany, 1944-45. 1st Edition. London: Allen Lane, 2011.
———. The Nazi Dictatorship: Problems and Perspectives of Interpretation. Bloomsbury Revelations edition. Bloomsbury revelations. London: Bloomsbury Academic, An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2015.
———. To Hell and Back: Europe, 1914 – 1949. The Penguin History of Europe 8. London: Lane, 2015.

Sir Max Hastings (1945)
Sir Max Hugh Macdonald Hastings FRSL FRHistS (/ˈheɪstɪŋz/; born 28 December 1945)[1] is a British journalist and military historian,[2] who has worked as a foreign correspondent for the BBC, editor-in-chief of The Daily Telegraph, and editor of the Evening Standard. He is also the author of numerous books, chiefly on defence matters, which have won several major awards. Hastings currently writes a bimonthly column for Bloomberg Opinion.
Youtube
Britain Should Not Have Fought in the First World War
Was Britain’s involvement in the First World War a vital crusade to prevent an oppressive German-dominated Europe? Or a mistake which brought Communism to power in Russia and left a festering sense of resentment that would fuel the rise of Nazism? – https://www.intelligencesquared.com/events/britain-first-world-war/

Antony Beevor (1946)
Sir Antony James Beevor, FRSL (born 14 December 1946) is an English military historian. He has published several popular histories on the Second World War and the 20th century in general.

Richard J. Evans (1947)
Youtube
Neville Chamberlain Did The Right Thing https://www.intelligencesquared.com/events/neville-chamberlain/
Wikipedia – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_J._Evans
Sir Richard John Evans FBA FRSL FRHistS FLSW (born 29 September 1947) is a British historian of 19th- and 20th-century Europe with a focus on Germany. He is the author of eighteen books, including his three-volume The Third Reich Trilogy (2003–2008). Evans was Regius Professor of History at the University of Cambridge from 2008 until his retirement in 2014, and President of Cambridge’s Wolfson College from 2010 to 2017. He has been Provost of Gresham College in London since 2014. Evans was appointed Knight Bachelor for services to scholarship in the 2012 Birthday Honours.

John Charmley (1955)
Professor of Modern History.
Youtube
Neville Chamberlain Did The Right Thing https://www.intelligencesquared.com/events/neville-chamberlain/
Wikipedia – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Charmley
John Denis Charmley FRHistS (born 9 November 1955) is a British academic and diplomatic historian. Since 2002 he has held various posts at the University of East Anglia: initially as Head of the School of History, then as the Head of the School of Music and most recently as the Head of the Institute for Interdisciplinary Humanities.[1] Since 2016 he has been Pro-Vice Chancellor for Academic strategy at St Mary’s University, Twickenham. In this role he has been responsible for initiating the University’s Foundation Year Programme, reflecting Professor Charmley’s commitment to widening educational access.
Views
Charmley sums up his feelings about Winston Churchill in Churchill: The End of Glory:
Churchill stood for the British Empire, for British independence and for an ‘anti-Socialist’ vision of Britain. By July 1945 the first of these was on the skids, the second was dependent solely upon America and the third had just vanished in a Labour election victory.[4]
Charmley has also tried to rehabilitate Neville Chamberlain. F. M. Leventhal, in a review of Chamberlain and the Lost Peace, suggested that while Charmley’s work portrayed a courageous leader with “a deep and humane desire to leave no stone unturned to avoid war,” Chamberlain’s inability to recognise Hitler’s ambition meant that “perhaps that is why Winston Churchill’s reputation remains largely untarnished, while Chamberlain’s, Charmley’s initiative notwithstanding, cannot be resuscitated”.
Criticism
Some historians find Charmley’s view of the situation of Britain in the Second World War implausible at best[citation needed]. Many historians argue that it is difficult to blame the fall of the British Empire on Churchill, as it was exceedingly likely to fall anyway. Scholars also find the idea of a truce with Germany unwise at best, as Richard M. Langworth wrote:
Every serious military account of the Second World War shows that Germany came within a hair of taking Russia out even as it was. With no enemy at his back, tying up materiel and divisions in the West; without Britain’s campaign in Africa; without the Americans and British succoring Stalin by sea; without Roosevelt’s courting war with Germany in the Atlantic, Hitler would have thrown everything he had into Russia. The siege of Leningrad, the attack on Moscow, the battle of Stalingrad would almost certainly have gone the other way, if not in 1941 then certainly by 1942.[6]
A more general critique of the idea of making peace with Germany comes from Manfred Weidhorn:
Prudential (albeit immoral) as that solution might have been, the critics assume that (1) Hitler would deal; (2) the British Coalition government would let Churchill deal; (3) Hitler would be faithful to the deal; (4) Russia would have gone under; (5) America would keep out; (6) The British Empire still had a long way to go; (7) a Britain tied to Hitler would have remained democratic; (8) American hegemony is bad. As Langworth, Smith, et al. point out, most of these Charmley assumptions (1–3, 6–8) are dubious.[7]
Military historian Correlli Barnett calls it “absurd … that instead of going to war Britain could, and should, have lived with Wilhelmine Germany’s domination of western Europe. This is glibly clever but actually preposterous as his claim … that Britain could and should have unilaterally withdrawn into neutrality in 1940–41”

Peter Caddick-Adams (1960)
Peter Caddick-Adams is a writer and broadcaster who specialises in military history, defence and security issues. He previously lectured in Military and Security Studies at the UK Defence Academy for twenty years, and in Air Power for the Royal Air Force. A Fellow of the Royal Historical Society and the Royal Geographical Society, he also spent thirty-five years as an officer in the UK Regular and Reserve Forces, and has extensive experience of various war zones, including the Balkans, Iraq and Afghanistan. He was educated at Shrewsbury School, Sandhurst and Wolverhampton University, where he gained first class honours in War Studies; he received his PhD from Cranfield University. His previous works include Monty and Rommel: Parallel Lives (2011), Monte Cassino: Ten Armies in Hell (2012), and Snow and Steel: Battle of the Bulge 1944–45 (2014).

James Holland (1970)
James Holland FRHistS (born 27 June 1970) is an English author and broadcaster who specializes in the history of World War II. – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Holland_(author)

Dominic Sandbrook (1974)
Dominic Christopher Sandbrook (born 2 October 1974) is a British historian, author, columnist and television presenter.
Wikipedia – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominic_Sandbrook
Youtube
Britain Should Not Have Fought in the First World War
Was Britain’s involvement in the First World War a vital crusade to prevent an oppressive German-dominated Europe? Or a mistake which brought Communism to power in Russia and left a festering sense of resentment that would fuel the rise of Nazism? – https://www.intelligencesquared.com/events/britain-first-world-war/

Robert J. Kershaw
Robert Kershaw is a former Para, having joined the Parachute Regiment in 1973, commanded 10 Para and left as a full Colonel in 2006. His active service includes tours in Northern Ireland, the first Gulf War (during which he was awarded the US Bronze Star) and Bosnia. He is now a professional writer and has written twelve highly praised books of military history. He has been interviewed on numerous TV documentaries and has published articles in the Times, Sunday Times, Telegraph, Mail and Express. He recently edited Paradata, an online encyclopaedia covering the living history of British Airborne Forces, which won the Outstanding Achievement Award in the Military category of the 2008 Interactive Media Awards. Kershaw has led site-specific battlefield touring groups across the world, including at Waterloo. He has also given lectures at the National Army, Airborne and Tank Museums and aboard the Queen Elizabeth cruise liner. – https://robertjkershaw.com/books
KERSHAW, Robert J. It Never Snows in September: The German View of Market-Garden and the Battle of Arnhem, September 1944. Goodall Publications Ltd, 2008.

Alex Kershaw
After graduating from Oxford University, Alex Kershaw worked as an advertising copywriter and then as a television researcher for Channel 4’s ‘Dispatches’ before joining ‘City Limits’ as a features writer. He has been a contributing editor of ‘GQ Magazine’ and feature-writer for the ‘Weekend Guardian’ and the ‘Sunday Times’.
Kershaw, Alex. The longest winter: the battle of the bulge and the epic story of WWII’s most decorated platoon. New York, NY: MJF Books, 2013.
–––––––

Paul Woodadge
https://www.ddayhistorian.com/about.html

Canadian historians

Margaret MacMillan (1943)
Wikipedia – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_MacMillan
Margaret Olwen MacMillan CH CC FRSL FRSC FBA FRCGS (born 1943) is a Canadian historian and professor at the University of Oxford. She is former provost of Trinity College, Toronto, and professor of history at the University of Toronto and previously at Ryerson University. MacMillan is an expert on history and international relations.
MacMillan was the 2018 Reith lecturer, giving five lectures across the globe on the theme of war under the title The Mark of Cain, the tour taking in London, York, Beirut, Belfast and Ottawa.
Her most successful work is Peacemakers: The Paris Peace Conference of 1919 and Its Attempt to End War, also published as Paris 1919: Six Months That Changed the World. Peacemakers won the Duff Cooper Prize for outstanding literary work in the field of history, biography or politics; the Hessell-Tiltman Prize for History; the prestigious Samuel Johnson Prize for the best work of non-fiction published in the United Kingdom and the 2003 Governor General’s Literary Award in Canada.
Youtube
Britain Should Not Have Fought in the First World War
Was Britain’s involvement in the First World War a vital crusade to prevent an oppressive German-dominated Europe? Or a mistake which brought Communism to power in Russia and left a festering sense of resentment that would fuel the rise of Nazism? – https://www.intelligencesquared.com/events/britain-first-world-war/

German historians

Ernst Nolte (1923-2016)
Ernst Nolte (11 January 1923 – 18 August 2016) was a German historian and philosopher. Nolte’s major interest was the comparative studies of fascism and communism (cf. Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism).
Originally trained in philosophy, he was professor emeritus of modern history at the Free University of Berlin, where he taught from 1973 until his 1991 retirement. He was previously a professor at the University of Marburg from 1965 to 1973. He was best known for his seminal work Fascism in Its Epoch, which received widespread acclaim when it was published in 1963. Nolte was a prominent conservative academic from the early 1960s and was involved in many controversies related to the interpretation of the history of fascism and communism, including the Historikerstreit in the late 1980s. In recent years, Nolte focused on Islamism and “Islamic fascism”.
He was the father of legal scholar Georg Nolte. Nolte received several prizes, including the Hanns Martin Schleyer Prize and the Konrad Adenauer Prize.

Hitler Apologist Wins German Honor, and a Storm Breaks Out
By Roger Cohen
June 21, 2000
https://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/21/world/hitler-apologist-wins-german-honor-and-a-storm-breaks-out.html
The award of one of Germany’s most prestigious literary prizes to a historian who has sought to justify the Holocaust has ignited a fierce dispute here at a time of conservative and reactionary intellectual stirrings in Europe.
The historian, Ernst Nolte, has argued that Hitler’s anti-Semitism had a ”rational core” and that Nazism was in essence a riposte to Bolshevism. He received the Konrad Adenauer Prize for literature this month, causing an uproar that has filled newspapers with invective and divided one of the country’s leading historical institutes.
The prize, whose past recipients include former Chancellor Helmut Kohl, is given for works that ”contribute to a better future” by the Munich-based Deutschland Foundation. The organization is conservative and close to the right wing of the Christian Democratic Party but had not been considered reactionary or revisionist.
Accepting the prize, Mr. Nolte said, ”We should leave behind the view that the opposite of National Socialist goals is always good and right.” He added that because Nazism was the ”strongest of all counter forces” to Bolshevism, a movement with wide Jewish support, Hitler may have had ”rational” reasons for attacking the Jews.
The timing of the prize was particularly delicate because this is a period of some intellectual ferment in Europe. The success of the Austrian rightist Jorg Haider in steering his Freedom Party into government has emboldened the right.
In Germany and France, a conservative reaction is evident against what the French call ”the angelic left,” which is accused of imposing a stifling political correctness on debate and of backing a multicultural tide that will sweep away the European nation state.
In this context, Mr. Nolte has emerged as an iconoclast with apparently growing conservative appeal. A few days after receiving the prize, he was widely applauded at a conference in Paris where he again explored his thesis about Hitler and the Jews.
”The award of the prize to Nolte was a clear political statement intended to promote the view that there is no particular stigma to Nazism in the light of what some Germans now call the ‘Red Holocaust’ in the Soviet Union,” said Charles Maier, a Harvard historian. ”It’s exculpatory in the German context. It’s also really scandalous.”
The unease and anger in Germany over the prize has been accentuated by the fact that another prominent historian, Horst Moller, the director of the disinguished Institute for Contemporary History, chose to make the speech honoring Mr. Nolte.
The institute was established after the war in Munich with a clear educational mission directed largely toward researching Nazism.
In his speech, Mr. Moller said he did not agree with all of Mr. Nolte’s views, but went on to praise a ”life’s work of high rank” and to make a vigorous attack on the ”hate-filled and defamatory” attempts to stop open debate in Germany.
The reaction was overwhelming. Newspapers have been filled with letters from other historians at the institute calling on Mr. Moller to resign. In an open letter to Die Zeit, Heinrich A. Winkler, a professor of history at Berlin’s Humboldt University, said, ”Mr. Moller allowed himself to become party to an intellectual political offensive aimed at integrating rightist and revisionist positions in the conservative mainstream.”
Mr. Moller’s secretary said he was traveling and not available for comment.
With Haiderism thriving in neighboring Austria, the ground has become fertile in Germany for a nationalist and right-wing intellectual awakening. It is fed by weariness, even anger, at what is seen as Germany’s eternal victimization for the Holocaust, and irritation at the multicultural message from a Red-Green government.
Mr. Nolte took up these themes in his speech. He attacked those who argue for ”an unstoppable transition toward world civilization.” He bitterly denounced the ”collective accusation” continuously leveled at Germany since 1945.
The historian, the author of books including ”Three Faces of Fascism” and ”The European Civil War,” has been well known for his argument about Hitler and Stalin since the 1980’s.
But never before has a center-right institution like the Deutschland Foundation moved to embrace him in such a formal way, intimating that at least the right of the Christian Democratic Party may be ready to countenance the view that the crimes of the Nazis were not unique and have been unfairly singled out.
Mr. Haider has made a lot of headway in Austria precisely by questioning the ”intellectual tyranny” of the left.

Andreas Fritz Hillgruber (1925-1989)
Andreas Fritz Hillgruber (18 January 1925 – 8 May 1989) was a conservative German historian who was influential as a military and diplomatic historian who played a leading role in the Historikerstreit of the 1980s.
In his controversial book Zweierlei Untergang, he wrote that historians should “identify” with the Wehrmacht fighting on the Eastern Front and asserted that there was no moral difference between Allied policies towards Germany in 1944-45 and the genocide waged against the Jews. British historian Richard J. Evans wrote that Hillgruber was a great historian whose once-sterling reputation was in ruins as a result of the Historikerstreit.

Bernd Solesemann (1944)
Bernd Sösemann (* 8 October 1944 in Göttingen) is a German historian. Bernd Sösemann studied history, German philology, philosophy and education at the University of Göttingen. He passed the First and Second State Examination for teaching at grammar schools. He received his doctorate in 1974 on the subject of liberal journalism in the final phase of the Weimar Republic. For four years he worked for the Historical Commission at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, for which he edited the diaries of Theodor Wolff. In 1985, the Freie Universität Berlin appointed him primo loco as founding director of the Chair for the History of Public Communication and Journalism. He taught and researched there until his retirement in March 2010 and continued to head the Center for the History of Communication and Intercultural Journalism (AKiP) at the Friedrich Meinecke Institute of Freie Universität Berlin. He has held guest lectureships in Cagliary, Trento, Sydney and Rome. From 1988 to 2010 he was a member of the Prussian Historical Commission. From 1989 to 2009 he was chairman of the Working Group on the History of Prussia. From 1991 to 2010 he published the yearbook of the “Berliner Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft”. In 2014 he was a Senior Fellow at the Historical College in Munich.
In his research, published in the Historische Zeitschrift (1983 and 2014), the Böhlau-Verlag (1996, 2006) and the Jahrbuch für Kommunikationsgeschichte (2008), on the diaries of Kurt Riezler from World War I (Karl Dietrich Erdmann), on the estate of the Prussian reformer Theodor von Schön and the diaries of Joseph Goebbels (ed. Horst Möller, Elke Fröhlich), he found editorial weaknesses, errors and factual falsifications of these editions.
In 2010 history, publicity, communication was published in his honour. Studies in honour of Bernd Sösemann on the occasion of his 65th birthday (ed. by Patrick Merziger and others). He is a member of the board of trustees of the Theodor Wolff Prize, a member of the board of the Erhard Höpfner Foundation (Berlin), the Arbeitsgemeinschaft zur Preußischen Geschichte and the Berliner Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft as well as chairman of the “Friedrich-Meinecke Gesellschaft” in Berlin.
Sösemann’s main areas of research are the history of public communication and the media, the life and work of the editor-in-chief of the Berliner Tageblatt Theodor Wolff, (biography and 7 vol. documents), German history from the German Empire to the early Federal Republic, the history of Prussia, the history of liberalism, the history of propaganda in modern dictatorships, and edition sciences.

Ralf Georg Reuth (1952)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralf_Georg_Reuth
Ralf Georg Reuth (born 4 June 1952 in Oberfranken) is a German journalist and historian. Reuth studied with Andreas Hillgruber and wrote his Ph.D. on the German strategy in the Mediterranean from 1940 to 1942. He published several books dealing with the Nazi era, among them a biography of Joseph Goebbels in 1992 and of Hitler in 2003. Reuth also edited a multivolume selection from the diaries of Joseph Goebbels, which drew criticism notably from Bernd Sösemann. He also wrote biographies of Erwin Rommel, Angela Merkel and Helmut Kohl.
Reuth’s 2004 book Rommel: Das Ende einer Legende, dedicated to the topic of the Rommel myth, has started the reevaluation of Rommel’s role in history. The book was published in English in 2005 as Rommel: The End of a Legend.

Swedish historians

Christer Bergström (1958)
Christer Bergström , born April 3, 1958 in Karlskoga , but since childhood living in Eskilstuna , is a Swedish author , publisher and writer focusing on World War II .
Bergstrom, Christer. The Ardennes, 1944-1945: Hitler’s Winter Offensive., 2015.

Controversial historians

Major-General John Frederick Charles “Boney” Fuller (1878-1966)
Major-General John Frederick Charles “Boney” Fuller, CB, CBE, DSO (1 September 1878 – 10 February 1966) was a senior British Army officer, military historian, and strategist, notable as an early theorist of modern armoured warfare, including categorizing principles of warfare. With 45 books and many articles, he was a highly prolific author whose ideas reached army officers and the interested public. He explored the business of fighting, in terms of the relationship between warfare and social, political, and economic factors in the civilian sector. Fuller emphasized the potential of new weapons, especially tanks and aircraft, to stun a surprised enemy psychologically. Fuller was highly controversial in British politics because of his support for the organized fascist movement. He was also an occultist and Thelemite who wrote a number of works on esotericism and mysticism.

Sir Basil Henry Liddell Hart (1895-1970)
Sir Basil Henry Liddell Hart (31 October 1895 – 29 January 1970), commonly known throughout most of his career as Captain B. H. Liddell Hart, was an English soldier, military historian and military theorist. Following World War II, he was a proponent of the West German rearmament and the moral rehabilitation of the German Wehrmacht. As part of these two interconnected initiatives, Liddell Hart significantly contributed to the creation of the Rommel myth.
Controversies
Influence on Panzerwaffe
Following the Second World War Liddell Hart pointed out that the German Wehrmacht adopted theories developed from those of J. F. C. Fuller and from his own, and that it used them against the Allies in Blitzkrieg warfare.[49] Some scholars, such as the political scientist John Mearsheimer, have questioned the extent of the influence which the British officers, and in particular Liddell Hart, had in the development of the method of war practised by the Panzerwaffe in 1939–1941. During the post-war debriefs of the former Wehrmacht generals, Liddell Hart attempted to tease out his influence on their war practices. Following these interviews, many of the generals said that Liddell Hart had been an influence on their strategies, something that had not been claimed previously nor has any contemporary, pre-war, documentation been found to support their assertions. Liddell Hart thus put “words in the mouths of German Generals” with the aim, according to Mearsheimer, to “resurrect a lost reputation”.[50]
Shimon Naveh, the founder and former head of the Israel Defense Forces’ Operational Theory Research Institute, stated that after World War II Liddell Hart “created” the idea of Blitzkrieg as a military doctrine: “It was the opposite of a doctrine. Blitzkrieg consisted of an avalanche of actions that were sorted out less by design and more by success.”[51] Naveh stated that,
by manipulation and contrivance, Liddell Hart distorted the actual circumstances of the Blitzkrieg formation and obscured its origins. Through his indoctrinated idealization of an ostentatious concept he reinforced the myth of Blitzkrieg. By imposing, retrospectively, his own perceptions of mobile warfare upon the shallow concept of Blitzkrieg, he created a theoretical imbroglio that has taken 40 years to unravel.[52]
Naveh stated that in his letters to German generals Erich von Manstein and Guderian, as well as to relatives and associates of Rommel, Liddell Hart “imposed his own fabricated version of Blitzkrieg on the latter and compelled him to proclaim it as original formula”.[53]
Naveh pointed out that the edition of Guderian’s memoirs published in Germany differed from the one published in the United Kingdom. Guderian neglected to mention the influence of the English theorists such as Fuller and Liddell Hart in the German-language versions. One example of the influence of these men on Guderian was the report on the Battle of Cambrai published by Fuller in 1920, who at the time served as a staff officer at the Royal Tank Corps. Liddell Hart alleged that his findings and theories on armoured warfare were read and later taken in by Guderian, which thus helped to formulate the basis of operations that would become known as Blitzkrieg warfare. These tactics involved deep penetration of the armoured formations supported behind enemy lines by bomb-carrying aircraft. Dive bombers were the principal agents of delivery of high explosives in support of the forward units.[54]
Though the German version of the Guderian memoirs mentions Liddell Hart, it did not ascribe to him his role in developing the theories behind armoured warfare. An explanation for the difference between the two translations can be found in the correspondence between the two men. In one letter to Guderian, Liddell Hart reminded the German general that he should provide him the credit he was due, offering “You might care to insert a remark that I emphasise the use of armoured forces for long-range operations against the opposing Army’s communications, and also the proposed type of armoured division combining Panzer and Panzer-infantry units – and that these points particularly impressed you.”[55]
Richard M.Swain comments that while some arguments against Liddell Hart’s thinking are deserved, Liddell Hart the man himself was not a knave and Mearsheimer’s attempt of character assassination is unwarranted.[56] Jay Luvaas comments that Liddell Hart and Fuller did actually anticipate the role of the armoured forces in blitzkrieg. Luvaas opines that Liddell Hart did overestimate (in a sincere way) his influence on German generals, but the fact that many military leaders in Germany and other countries (including generals lịke Yigal Allon and Andre Beaufre) knew about his theories and considered his opinions as worth thinking about is true. According to Luvaas, von Mellenthin recounted that Rommel mentioned Liddell Hart many times and had a good opinion about him – although, in Luvaas’s opinion, this would not make him a pupil. Luvass also sees Liddell Hart as a scholar who needed public recognition and influence, but also a naturally generous person whose efforts in building connection to other people should not be assigned motives without evidence.[57] Joseph Forbes dismisses the claim that Liddell Hart, Guderian and Rommel’s friends and relatives were in a conspiracy to misrepresent Liddell Hart’s influence as baseless insinuations, considering that: Liddell Hart’s chapter on Guderian quotes Guderian as having faith in the theories of Hobart and not of Liddell Hart; the fact Desmond Young once recommended Liddell Hart to Manfred Rommel as a person who might help to publish his father’s memoirs should not be used as proof that there was a conspiracy to give undue recognition to Liddell Hart; the whole book The German Generals talk contains one statement about Liddell Hart’s influence (According to Forbes, Mearsheimer relies less on the actual text than on Frank Mahin’s review to make the claim that Hart fills the book with fabricated comments by Germans to exaggerate his role).[58]
Role in Rommel myth
Liddell Hart was instrumental in the creation of the “Rommel myth”, a view that the German field marshal Erwin Rommel was an apolitical, brilliant commander and a victim of the Third Reich due to his (now disputed) participation in the 20 July plot against Adolf Hitler. The myth was created with Rommel’s participation as a component of Nazi propaganda to praise the Wehrmacht and instil optimism in the German public. Starting in 1941, it was picked up and disseminated in the West by the British press as they sought to explain its continued inability to defeat the Axis forces in North Africa. Following the war, the Western Allies, and particularly the British, depicted Rommel as the “good German” and “our friend Rommel”. His reputation for conducting a clean war was used in the interest of the West German rearmament and reconciliation between the former enemies – Britain and the United States on one side and the new Federal Republic on the other.[59][60][61]
After the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950, it became clear to the Americans and the British that a German army would have to be revived to help face off against the Soviet Union. Many former German officers were convinced, however, that no future German army would be possible without the rehabilitation of the Wehrmacht.[62] Thus, in the atmosphere of the Cold War, Rommel’s former enemies, especially the British, played a key role in the manufacture and propagation of the myth.[63] The German rearmament was highly dependent on the image boosting that the Wehrmacht needed. Liddell Hart, an early proponent of these two interconnected initiatives, provided the first widely available source on Rommel in his 1948 book on Hitler’s generals. He devoted a chapter to Rommel, portraying him as an outsider to the Nazi regime. Additions to the chapter published in 1951 concluded with laudatory comments about Rommel’s “gifts and performance” that “qualified him for a place in the role of the ‘Great Captains’ of history”.[64]
1953 saw the publication of Rommel’s writings of the war period as The Rommel Papers, edited by Liddell Hart, the former Wehrmacht officer Fritz Bayerlein, and Rommel’s widow and son, with an introduction by Liddell Hart. The historian Mark Connelly argues that The Rommel Papers was one of the two foundational works that lead to a “Rommel renaissance”, the other being Desmond Young’s biography Rommel: The Desert Fox.[65][n 2] The book contributed to the perception of Rommel as a brilliant commander; in an introduction, Liddell Hart drew comparisons between Rommel and Lawrence of Arabia, “two masters of desert warfare”, according to Liddell Hart.[66] Liddell Hart’s work on the book was also self-serving: he had coaxed Rommel’s widow into adding material that suggested that Rommel was influenced by Liddell Hart’s theories on mechanised warfare, making Rommel his “pupil” and giving Liddell Hart credit for Rommel’s dramatic successes in 1940.[67] (The controversy was described by the political scientist John Mearsheimer in his work The Weight of History.[67] A review of Mearsheimer’s work, published by the Strategic Studies Institute, points out that Mearsheimer “correctly takes ‘The Captain’ [Liddell Hart] to task for […] manipulating history”.)[50]
According to Connelly, Young and Liddell Hart laid the foundation for the Anglo-American myth, which consisted of three themes: Rommel’s ambivalence towards Nazism; his military genius; and the emphasis of the chivalrous nature of the fighting in North Africa.[65] Their works lent support to the image of the “clean Wehrmacht” and were generally not questioned, since they came from British authors, rather than German revisionists.[68][n 3]
MI5 controversy
On 4 September 2006, MI5 files were released which showed that in early 1944 MI5 had suspicions that plans for the D-Day invasion had been leaked. Liddell Hart had prepared a treatise titled Some Reflections on the Problems of Invading the Continent which he circulated amongst political and military figures. It is possible that in his treatise Liddell Hart had correctly deduced a number of aspects of the upcoming Allied invasion, including the location of the landings. MI5 suspected that Liddell Hart had received plans of the invasion from General Sir Alfred “Tim” Pile who was in command of Britain’s anti-aircraft defences. MI5 placed him under surveillance, intercepting his telephone calls and letters. The investigation showed no suggestion that Liddell Hart was involved in any subversive activity. No case was ever brought against Pile. Liddell Hart stated his work was merely speculative. It would appear that Liddell Hart had simply perceived the same problems and arrived at similar conclusions as the Allied general staff.[70][71].

Samuel Lyman Atwood Marshall (1900-1977)
« In my opinion, S.L.A. Marshall, like Stephen Ambrose, J.F.C. Fuller, B. H. Liddell Hart, and, to a much smaller degree, John Jessup, are cautionary tales of what happens when students of warfare seek renown and celebrity[2]. »
Samuel Lyman Atwood Marshall (July 18, 1900 – December 17, 1977) was a chief U.S. Army combat historian during World War II and the Korean War. Known professionally as S. L. A. Marshall, and nicknamed “Slam” (the combination of all four of his initials), he authored some 30 books about warfare, including Pork Chop Hill: The American Fighting Man in Action, which was made into a film of the same name. However, his legacy is mired in scandal, as he lied about his involvement in the primary events he wrote about.
Controversy after death
Some veterans and historians have cast doubt on Marshall’s research methods.[15] Professor Roger J. Spiller (Deputy Director of the Combat Studies Institute, US Army Command and General Staff College) argues in his 1988 article, “S. L. A. Marshall and the Ratio of Fire” (RUSI Journal, Winter 1988, pages 63–71), that Marshall had not actually conducted the research upon which he based his ratio-of-fire theory. “The ‘systematic collection of data’ appears to have been an invention.”[16] This revelation has called into question the authenticity of some of Marshall’s other books and has lent academic weight to doubts about his integrity that had been raised in military circles even decades earlier.[17]
In his 1989 memoir, About Face, David H. Hackworth described his initial elation at an assignment with a man he idolized, and how that elation turned to disillusion after seeing Marshall’s character and methods firsthand. Hackworth described Marshall as a “voyeur warrior”, for whom “the truth never got in the way of a good story”, and went so far as to say, “Veterans of many of the actions he ‘documented’ in his books have complained bitterly over the years of his inaccuracy or blatant bias”.[18][19]
Veracity of World War I experience claims
A 1989 article by historian Frederic Smoler questioned Marshall’s research methods as a historian, indicating that Marshall had exaggerated and inflated his World War I experiences to give himself a reputation for having led soldiers in combat, which would enhance his credibility as a historian. Smoler contended that the 315th Engineers were a rear-echelon unit, and that Marshall did not participate in combat during the war.[20][21]
Subsequent investigation by Marshall’s grandson, John Douglas Marshall, included in his book Reconciliation Road: A Family Odyssey of War and Honor details S. L. A. Marshall’s contemporary letters to his father. These letters indicate that Marshall took part in both Saint-Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne, and was “slightly” gassed at Saint-Mihiel. In addition, John Douglas Marshall’s book recounts S. L. A. Marshall’s inscription inside the front cover of his World War I scrapbook, which he dedicated to a fellow 315th Engineers soldier who was killed in action on November 8, 1918. According to the inscription, the soldier was shot by Germans while the 315th Engineers were taking part in action near Bantheville during the final days of the Meuse-Argonne offensive, and Marshall was with him when it happened. John Marshall’s subsequent investigation revealed that the friend was hit by artillery fire, not shot, and that S. L. A. Marshall was not present because he was taking the West Point entrance exams that day.[22] John Marshall ultimately concluded that, while his grandfather exaggerated some claims about his wartime experiences, many are valid, and that the body of his grandfather’s later work still has value[3].

Stephen Edward Ambrose (1936-2002)
Stephen Edward Ambrose (January 10, 1936 – October 13, 2002) was an American historian and biographer of U.S. Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard Nixon. He was a longtime professor of history at the University of New Orleans and the author of many bestselling volumes of American popular history. Beginning late in his life and continuing after his death, however, evidence and reports have continued to surface documenting longtime patterns of plagiarism and inaccuracies in many of his published writings and other work. In response to one of the early reports, Ambrose said he was not “out there stealing other people’s writings.” In the wake of his death, a reviewer for the New York Times did not absolve him completely, but opined that “he certainly deserved better from some of his envious peers” and credited the historian with reaching “an important lay audience without endorsing its every prejudice or sacrificing the profession’s standards of scholarship.

David Irving (1938)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia / https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Irving
David John Cawdell Irving (born 24 March 1938) is an English author and Holocaust denier[1] who has written on the military and political history of World War II, with a focus on Nazi Germany. His works include The Destruction of Dresden (1963), Hitler’s War (1977), Churchill’s War (1987) and Goebbels: Mastermind of the Third Reich (1996). In his works, he argued that Adolf Hitler did not know of the extermination of Jews or, if he did, opposed it.[2] Though Irving’s negationist views of German atrocities in World War II (and Hitler’s responsibility for them) were never taken seriously by mainstream historians, he was once recognised for his knowledge of Nazi Germany and his ability to unearth new historical documents.
Irving marginalised himself in 1988 when, based on his reading of the pseudoscientific[Note 1] Leuchter report, he began to espouse Holocaust denial, specifically denying that Jews were murdered by gassing at the Auschwitz concentration camp.[3][4]
Irving’s reputation as a historian was discredited[Note 2] when, in the course of an unsuccessful libel case he filed against the American historian Deborah Lipstadt and Penguin Books, he was shown to have deliberately misrepresented historical evidence to promote Holocaust denial.[Note 3] The English court found that Irving was an active Holocaust denier, antisemite and racist,[5] who “for his own ideological reasons persistently and deliberately misrepresented and manipulated historical evidence”.[5][6] In addition, the court found that Irving’s books had distorted the history of Hitler’s role in the Holocaust to depict Hitler in a favourable light.

Joey van Meesen
Mapping the World Wars: The Power of a Two-Dimensional Battlefield Thesis MA Military History Prof. Dr. Wim Klinkert University of Amsterdam, qZ065230 Joey van Meesen
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Based on archival research we uncover the true stories that took place during World War II.

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[1] (Merriam, R.E., 2017. Dark December: the full account of the battle of the bulge.)
[2] http://council.smallwarsjournal.com/archive/index.php/t-2672.html
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S.L.A._Marshall